into a surprisingly mathematical question about shape and structure.
The Topology Perspective
This is where the puzzle becomes surprisingly mathematical.
Topology is a branch of mathematics concerned with properties that
remain meaningful when shapes are stretched or deformed.
A classic example is the comparison between a coffee mug and a doughnut.
They can be considered equivalent in topology because each has one major hole.
A shirt, however, is a more complicated object.
Its openings connect the inside and outside of the garment.
If you cut additional passages into it, its
